Beyond War

The classic opening scene of 2001, A Space Odyssey shows an ape-man wreaking havoc with humanity's first inventiona bone used as a weapon to kill a rival. It's an image that fits well with popular notions of our species as inherently violent, with the idea that humans areand always have beenwarlike by nature. But as Douglas P. Fry convincingly argues in Beyond War , the facts show that our ancient ancestors were not innately warlikeand neither are we.