The measurement of scientific and technological activities : proposed standard practice for surveys on research and experimental development : Frascati manual 2002

In an era of rapid technological change, research and development (R&D) is an important element of economic growth. Monitoring the R&D efforts of industry, governments and universities is key to successful policy making and analysis. The Frascati Manual has become the internationally recognised methodology for collecting and using R&D statistics, and is an indispensable tool for statistical offices around the world. It includes definitions of basic concepts, guidelines for collecting data and the classifications to be used in compiling statistics. This updated sixth edition includes improved guidelines that address changes in OECD economies, including the measurement of R&D in the service sector, globalisation of R&D and human resources in R&D. The Manual will also be published as a Web book to enable updates to be made as they become available.