Ruler Visibility and Popular Belonging in the Ottoman Empire, 1808-1908

A comprehensive narrative of nineteenth-century Ottoman cultural history. Devotes a chapter to each of the four major sultans in the last century of the Ottoman Empire. Discusses the themes of Ottoman imperial power and ideology, public space/sphere, the Tanzimat reforms, 'millet', modernity, nationalism, governmentality, and the modern state. Synthesizes a new, thirteen-point model of modern belonging based on the concept of ruler visibility.