Abdominal Access in Open and Laparoscopic Surgery

This book provides: (1) a broad-based comparison of access and exposure in open surgery and a variety of minimal access alternatives; (2) a critical appraisal of the advantages, disadvantages, and potential complications of each method; and (3) an overview of the state of the art in minimal access surgery-gasless laparoscopy and examination of prospective new directions in access and exposure techniques, three-dimensional imaging technologies, virtual reality, and more.