Bioremediation of Oil Contaminated Soil

Soil and water contamination with oil products significantly worsens ecological situation in the regions and leads to damaging of soils structure; growth of acidity; reducing of soil fertility (cause of humus loss process) and homeostasis; changings in structure of soil biocoenosis of microorganisms with accumulation of phytopathogenic microorganisms; degradations and depressions of vegetation and damaging of biocoenosis structure in general. Biological decomposition techniques and isolation of environmental pollutions using biosurfactant bacteria are one of the effective methods of environmental protection. Bio degradation of hydrophobic organic compounds in polluted soil is a process involving interactions among soil particles, pollutants, water, and micro-organisms. Surfactants as a co-substrate. The most important effect of surfactants on the interactions among soil and pollutant is stimulation of mass transport of the pollutant from the soil to the aqueous phase. This can be caused by three different mechanisms: emulsification of liquid pollutant, micellar solubilisation, and facilitated transport.