A Biblical Evaluation of the Avenging Spirits (Ngozi) : A case of the Shona people of Zimbabwe: A pastoral response

Avenging spirits, commonly known as ngozi by the Shona people in Zimbabwe, are one of the most feared and mysterious spiritual manifestations among African people particularly the Shona. Denying the existence of ngozi would be comparable to burying one's head in the sand and ignoring reality. An effective pastoral engagement has to start from an acknowledgement of the existing challenging phenomenon and then seek a biblical perspective that defines the crises and prescribes a solution. In this publication, Timothy Myambo provides a descriptive analysis of the ngozi phenomenon. He engages a biblical evaluation of ngozi and proposes a pastoral response to the ngozi challenge. At the end of this publication he suggests areas that require further study on the subject matter.