Bio-Ethanol Production from Poultry Manure : Conversion of Bio-mass into fuel Grade Ethanol

This study was aimed to determine the bio-ethanol potential of poultry manure by fermentation using saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. The manure was hydrolyzed by dilute sulfuric acid (0.2, 0.4, 0.6M and 0.8 M) at temperature of 100C and 130C for 30 minutes. The result showed that the maximum glucose (115.6 g/l) was obtained from hydrolysis of 100 g poultry manure by 250 ml 0.8M at 100C for 30 minutes followed by, 93.4 g/l, 70.2 g/l, and 59.3 g/l with 0.6, 0.4 and 0.2M sulfuric acid respectively. This shows that treatment of poultry manure releases more total reducing sugar with increasing concentrations of sulfuric acid. Refractometer and NMR analysis of the fermented hydrolysate gives maximum ethanol concentration of (5% w/v) with 0.8M sulfuric acid and, 4%, 3 % and 2.5% of ethanol with 0.6, 0.4 M and 0.2 M sulfuric acid hydrolysis at 130oC for 30 minutes respectively. Treatment with 0.8M acid is an effective way that result the maximum yield and treatment with 0.2M acid is the least effective. The optimum fermentation time was 24 hour which gives maximum concentration of ethanol (5%w/v) with 0.8M acid and the concentration decreases slightly after 24 hours fermentation.