Proliferation of Indian Olive Using Tissue Culture Techniques : The standard tissue culture methods of Indian olive is practicable in the propagation and genetic transformation systems

Plant tissue culture is recognized worldwide as a creative, promising and feasible option for propagation and genetic manipulation of plant, particularly those with special demands. The most popular application of tissue culture method is in the genetic transformation system. As a tool of genetic engineering of plant, plant regeneration using tissue culture system is taken a crucial part. Another important use of tissue culture system is proliferation of plant, which is an alternative method to vegetative plant multiplication. While conventional propagation methods are used, one cutting produces one plant. Besides, one seed produces one plant. In contrast, one explant (a piece of stem, leaf, bud, root, anther, etc.) can produce an infinity number of plants using tissue culture system within a relatively short period. Somaclonal variation can occur when plant regeneration involves tissue culture, particularly when there is a callus phase, which tends to be viewed as a source of undesirable variants that need to be screened out of breeding programmes. It has been now considered as an important and valuable technique for many species with immense potential in agriculture and forestry.